Women's Empowerment and Social Justice in India (With Special Reference to U.P.)
| Author | T.N. Dhar |
| Published date | 01 July 2014 |
| Date | 01 July 2014 |
| DOI | http://doi.org/10.1177/0019556120140321 |
| Subject Matter | Article |
WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT AND SOCIAL
JUSTICE IN INDIA (WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE
TO U.P.)
T.N. DHAR
In spite
of
different acts
and
schemes
of
government to
empower the women in the country, they are discriminated
and marginalised at every level
of
the society, whether it is
social
participation,
political participation,
economic
participation, access to education
and
also reproductive
healthcare. Women empowerment cannot be possible unless
women come with and help to self-empower themselves. There
is a need
to
formulate reducing feminised poverty, promoting
education and prevention and elimination
of
violence against
women.
THE
NATIONAL
SCENARIO
Womens Empowerment: Some Key Issues
WOMEN'S EMPOWERMENT in the truest sense
of
the word is largely
the creation
of
an environment where women can claim and obtain their
rightful, equal and open opportunity-based status
as
citizens, where they
can take independent decisions in their personal capacities as well as
become truly equals in society. Inequalities
of
women have many
expressions. They are less educated. In 2011, male literacy was 79.3 per
cent and female literacy was
57
.9 per cent. The maternal mortality rates
are unacceptably high, at over 200 per lakh. So are malnutrition and anaemia
rates. Only 10.9 per cent was the percentage
of
women in the Parliament
in 2012 and 29 per cent in labour force. About 2.40 lakh incidents
of
crimes
against women were reported in India in 2012. Those crimes have increased
in last decade, though a National Policy for Women is in place since 2001.
Such crimes are related to rapes, kidnapping, acid-throwing, abductions,
torture, trafficking, child marriages, prostitution, dowry deaths, etc. The
presence
of
women in employment is much below their proportion in the
population. They still lack voice, suffer abuse, experience exclusion and
have
poor
access to redressal. Half
of
India,
or
nearly so, is largely
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